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语法讲解教案宾语补足语人教版高三英语下册教学论文1
编号081010 姓名 付爱冬
I. 用适当的冠词填空：
1.When you’ve finished with _____ book, don’t forget to put it back on _____ shelf, will you ?
2.In my opinion, _____ life in ______ 21st century is much easier than it used to be.
3.It was not until we had stayed together for ______ couple of weeks that we had a lot in _____ common.
4.I think he is taking _____ active part in ______ social work. I agree with you in _____ way.
5. -Did Peter fix ______ computer himself ?
-He had it fixed, because he doesn’t know much about ______ computers.
II．用适当的冠词给下列短文填空：
Dear Peter,
I’m glad to receive your letter asking for my 1 advice on how to learn Chinese well. Here are 2 few suggestions. First, it is important to take 3 Chinese course, as you’ll be able to learn from 4 teacher and practice with your fellow students. Then, it also helps to watch TV and read 5 books, 6 newspapers and 7 magazines in Chinese whenever possible. Besides, it should be 8 excellent idea to learn and sing Chinese songs, because by doing so you’ll learn and remember 9 Chinese words more easily. You can also make more Chinese friends. They will tell you 10 lot about China and help you learn Chinese. Try and write me in Chinese next time.
III．单句改错
1.It was indeed not easy to get in the touch with everybody and set a good time for all of us.
2.Second, I will learn more about history of the Olympics as good as the Olympic Games.
3.However, when John went back home, the tickets were still there. In the fact ,there were four tickets on the seat.
4.I have made up my mind to spend the vacation far from home for first time in my life. My parents have agreed to visit me, and I will have a different vacation.
5.I had many wonderful experiences, but I also had a sad one. One day, the school held party, where I was invited to talk about Tianjin.
6.Last winter vacation, some of my classmates decided to travel with their friends, while I chose to take part-time job to gain experience and earn some money.
7.The play tells humorous stories that happen in the Green’s family.
8.I like the color of your skirt. It is good match for your blouse.
9.There is reported to be the number of the wounded on both sides.
10.In case of the fire, please press the red button.
11.It is getting dark. Take a umbrella before you forget it.
12.The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called a world wide wait because it can be very slow.
13.A book is the store that sells books.
14.Don’t you believe it! Glass can take place of the steel in many ways of life.
15.He began to learn English in his 1990s in Britain.
掌握较好的＞80% 题号: 分析
掌握一般的60%~80% 题号: 分析
掌握较差的 ＜60% 题号: 分析
难点教学建议
I. 1. the; the 2.不填；the 3. a; 不填 4. an; 不填; a 5. the; 不填
II. 1. 不填 2. a 3. a 4. the 5. 不填 6.不填 7.不填 8. an 9. 不填 10. a
III. 1. 去掉the 2. history前加the 3. 去掉the 4. first前加the 5. party前加a 6. part-time前加a 7. 去掉Green’s前the 8. good前加a 9. the改成a 10. 去掉the 11. a 改成an
12. a改成the 13. the改成a 14. place前加the 15. his改成 the
责任编辑：李芳芳
语法讲解教案宾语补足语人教版高三英语下册教学论文2
语法专项系列之一
冠词
1. 种类: 定冠词和不定冠词及零冠词.
2. 冠词与可数名词搭配表示类别
有三种: 不定冠词+名词(强调任何一个) , 定冠词+名词(强调整个类属), 名词的复数形式.
3. 在发明物前用the , by + 手段, 方式 不加art. 但用介词on/ over/ through 则加art.
如: on the radio, over a phone, through a newspaper
4. 特定词组中不用冠词
①. turn/ go 后作补语的名词
turn writer/ go socialist = become a writer/ socialist
②. 在 引起的让步状语从句倒装结构中
Child as he is, ----
Hero as he was, ----
③. 在某些独立结构中.
He entered the room, book in hand.
但加上with 后用限定词.
He entered the room, with a book in hand.
④. 序数词作副词,或作名词表 “名次”时
First read fast.
He came first in the game.
⑤. 形容词最高级作表语只用来同本身做比较时, 并无一定范围.
Vegetables are best when they are fresh.
⑥. 表称呼或职位,军衔的名词做表语, 同位语和补语时,
Tom is monitor in our class.
We made Tom monitor in our class.
⑦. 常见词组:
at war/ peace/ table/ work/college/ sea
by force/ air/ sea/ train
in bed/ hospital/ peace/ ink/ public/ time of
take possession of
lose heart
5. 冠词词组
①. 位于such. What/ many/ half 后
Many a man is fit for the job.
②. as, so, to, how, however, enough,+ adj. + a/ an,
eg. as happy a day
③. quite / rather a day
但可以说: rather/quite a cold day
a rather/quite cold day
④. 在让步状语从句中, 有:
Brave a man though he is, he failed.
⑤. 倍数+ the + n.
twice the students
6. 有无冠词, 意义不同的词组:
in course of 正在进行中 in the course of 在---期间, 在过程中
out of question 没问题 out of the question 不可能
in charge of 负责,掌管 in the charge of 在---的主管下
in possession of 拥有 in the possession of 被---拥有
at table 在吃饭 at the table 坐在桌旁
in front of in the front of
by sea 坐船 by the sea 在海边
in case of 假使, 万一 in the case of 就---而言, 至于
by day 在白天 by the day 按日, 按天
on watch 值班,守望 on the watch 看守着, 提防着
to death 极度, 非常 to the death 致死, 到底
责任编辑：李芳芳
语法讲解教案宾语补足语人教版高三英语下册教学论文3
编号 081010 姓名 付爱冬
1. Have you heard news? The price of petrol is going up again！
A. the, the B. 不填，the C. the, 不填 D. 不填，不填
2. - I am so sorry to have come late for the meeting.
- It is not your fault. With _____ rush-hour traffic and _____ heavy rain, it is no wonder you were late.
A. a; a B. the; the C. /; / D. /; a
3. My neighbor asked me to go for ______ walk, but I don"t think I"ve got ______energy.
A. a: 不填 B. the; the C. 不填; the D. a; the
4. It’s not ______ good idea to drive for four hours without ______ break.
A. a ; a B. the ; a C. the ; the D. a ; the
5. Students should be encouraged to use ___ Internet as ____ resource.
A. 不填；a B. 不填；the C. the; the D. the; a
6. I ate sandwich while I was waiting for 20:08 train.
A. the, a B. the, the C. a, the D. a, a
7. In the United States, there is always ____ flow of people to areas of ______ country where more jobs can be found.
A. a; the B. the ; a C. the; the D. a; a
8. ______ apple fell from the tree and hit him on ______ head.
A. An; the B. The; the C. An; 不填 D. The; 不填
9. In many places in China, bicycle is still popular means of transportation.
A. a; the B. /; a C. the; a D. the; the
10.______ walk is expected to last all day, so bring ______ packed lunch.
A. A; a B. The; 不填 C. The; a D. A; 不填
11.Christmas is ______ special holiday when ______ whole family are supposed to get together.
A. the; the B. a; a C. the; a D. a; the
12. -How about ______ Christmas evening party?
-I should say it was ______ success.
A. a; a B. the; a C. a; 不填 D. the; 不填
13.Polar bears live mostly on _____ sea ice, which they use as _____ platform for hunting seals.
A. a; a B. a; the C. 不填; a D. the; 不填
14.Geogre wouldn’t remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was ______ Sunday because everybody was at _______ church.
A. 不填; the B. the; 不填 C. a; 不填 D. 不填; a
15. -Could you tell me the way to ______ Johnsons, please?
-Sorry, we don’t have ______ Johnson here in the village.
A. the; the B. the; a C. 不填; the D. the; 不填
掌握较好的＞80% 题号: 分析
掌握一般的60%~80% 题号: 分析
掌握较差的 ＜60% 题号: 分析
难点教学建议
1-5 CBDAD 6-10 CAACC 11-15 DBCCB
语法讲解教案宾语补足语人教版高三英语下册教学论文4
语法-----动词和动词短语
编号：081030 编者：管月敏
一. 单句改错：
1. She’s having a lot of trouble with the new computer, but she doesn’t know whom to turn.
2. “Goodbye, then,” she said, without even looking down from her book.
3. He was grown up in the countryside, so he knows a lot about farmers.
4. If we can go over our present difficulties, then everything should be all right.
5. --- Have you got up with some new ideas?
--- Yeah. I’ll tell you later.
二. 用所给动词的适当短语填空：
1. give
1) You must finish your papers before 12:30, when they shall be _________.
2) He doesn’t only ____________ money; he spends his whole life in looking after the poor.
3) The gas _____________ an unpleasant smell.
4) Finally he was persuaded to ______________ smoking.
5) The news of the mayor’s coming to our school for a visit was __ on the radio yesterday.
2. get
1) Hardly could he ____________ this amount of work in such a short time.
2) It is going to rain. Can you ___________ the clothes for me?
3) It took me an hour to get intention _______ to her.
4) I am afraid I didn’t ___________ well with my studies.
5) ---The boss said we had only three days to finish the work.
---Don’t worry.We have already _____________ two thirds of it.
3. take
1) I won’t __________ much of your time.
2) When shall I __________ my new duties?
3) He has ___________ Spanish recently.
4) The young politician __________ the leadership of the party.
5) I will ___________ your number and ask him to call you back.
6) Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026___________ at 18:20.
4. turn
1) ___________ the light before you go out.
2) A big wave ___________ the fishing boat. Luckily, no one was injured.
3) I needn’t have taken my umbrella, because it __________ to be a fine day.
4) To my delight, the key I lost __________ the other day.
5) Believe it or not, Tom is the right person you can __________ when you are in trouble.
6) He is very discouraging because every time he offers some help to her, it will be __________.
5. break
1) I was still sleeping when the fire __________ , and then it spread quickly.
2) The car __________ on the way again.
3) The young man was so impolite that he kept __________ with silly questions.
4) Their friends all wondered what ___________ their marriage?
5) The poor man had his house ____________ last night.
6. put
1) Never ___________ until tomorrow what you can do today.
2) ____________ your toys and let’s have dinner.
3) You’d better ___________ your coat before going out. It’s so cold outside.
4) The toy car was pulled down. Can you _____ it _____ again?
5) Mother __________ all the lights before going to bed.
7. go
1) --- Do you think that housing price will keep __________ in the years to come? Many people can’t afford it.
--- Sorry, I have no idea.
2) We were all tired out, so we couldn’t ___________.
3) Suddenly all the lights ___________, and it was all dark.
4) ---- Didn"t you have a good time at the party?
---- Of course I did. As a matter of fact, I had such fun that time seemed to _________ so quickly.
5) The poor girl has __________ such a lot since her parents died.
6) ---Could I use your dictionary?
---Sure, __________.
7) Whoever __________ nature will be punished by it.
8. make
1) She has grown up and I can’t ______ her ______ any more.
2) Culturl exchange __________ better understanding.
3) Mother was skillfully _______ her coat ______ my skirt.
4) He says he will get up at six tomorrow morning, but he’ll never __________.
5) The group is ____________ 6 experts and 20 students.
9. come
1) Tell me how the accident ___________ last night.
2) I __________ an old friend of mine at the station yesterday.
3) It"s already 10 o"clock I wonder how it _______ that she is two hours late on such a short trip.
4) These customs have __________ to us through many a generation.
5) You have ____________ a good idea.
掌握较好的＞80% 题号: 分析
掌握一般的60%~80% 题号: 分析
掌握较差的 ＜60% 题号: 分析
难点教学建议
Keys:
一. 1. turn 后加to 2. down---up 3. grown-brought 4. go-get 5. got-come
二. 1. given in; give away; gives off; given out
2. get through; get in; get …across; get on; get through
3. take up; take on; taken up; took over; take down; takes off
4. Turn off; turned over; turned out; turned up; turn to; turned down
5. broke out; broke down; breaking in; broke up; broken into
6. put off; Put away; put on; put…together; put out
7. going up; go on; went out; go by; gone through; go ahead; goes against
8. make…out; makes for; making into; make it; made up of
9. came about; came across; comes out; come down; come up with
责任编辑：李芳芳
语法讲解教案宾语补足语人教版高三英语下册教学论文5
语法复习专题主谓一致
一、 考点聚焦
1、语法形式上的一致
主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。 The number of students in our school_________1,700.
Mary and Kelly________ alike.
2、意义上一致
（1）主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。
The crowd ______ runing for their lives.
单数形式代表复数内容的词有people、police、cattle等。
（2）主语形式为复数，而意义上却是单数，谓语动词用单数。
The news is very exciting.
形复意单的单词有new、works（工厂）、means和以ics结尾的学科名称physics、poli-tics、economics等。
3、就近原则。即谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。如果连词or、either … or、neither … nor、not only … but also等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。
Eg.Either you or I________ mad.
4、应注意的若干问题
（1）名词作主语。
①某些集体名词如family、team等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数，反之用复数。 My family_________going out for a trip.
The whole family _________ watching TV.
这类词常有audience、class club、committee、company、crew、crowd、enemy、government、group、party、public、team等。
Population和“a group(crowd)of + 复数名词”也适用于这种情况，强调整体用单数，强调各个部分用复数。
②某些集体名词如people、police、cattle、oxen只当复数看待，谓语动词必须用复数。
③单、复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。
A sheep ________over there. Some sheep________over there.
④名词所有格之后的名词被省略，这种情况一般只指商店、工场、住宅等；作主语时，动词一般用单数。 My uncle’s________not for from here.
常见的省略名词有the baker’s 、the barbar’s、the Zhang’s等。
表示店铺的名词一般作集体名词看待，但用作主语时，谓语动词往往用复数。如：
Richardson’s_________a lot of old goods to sell.
⑤当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时，往往可以根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语用单数。
Thirty years ________ passed. Five minutes _______enough to finish the task.
⑥不定代词each、every、no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。如：
Each boy and each girl in my class ________a dictionary.
⑦如果主语有more than one … 或many a … 构成，尽管从意义上看是复数内容，它的谓语动词用单数形式。 More than one student _____ seen the play.
Many a boy________ bought that kind of toy.
但是，“more + 复数名词 + than one”结构之后，谓语用复数。
⑧一些由两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时，谓语通常用复数形式。如glasses、clothes、trousers、shoes、compasses、chopsticks、scissors等。
但如果主语用a kind of、a pair of、a series of等加名词构成时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。 A pair of shoes ________ on the desk.
⑨this kind of book = a book of this kind(这种书)，其谓语动词；短语this kind of men = men of this kind = these kind of men(口语)（这一类人），但this kind of men的谓语用单数，men of this kind和these kind of men的谓语用复数，all kinds of后跟复数名词，谓语用复数形式。如：
This kind of men _______dangerous. Men of theis kind/sort ________dangerous.
⑩复数形式的单、复数同形名词作主语时，按意义一致的原则，用作单数意义时，谓语用单数，反之，谓语用复数。这类名词有means、works、species(种类)、Chinese、Japanese等。当它们的前面有 a、such a、this、that修饰时，谓语用单数；有all、such、these、those修饰时，谓语用复数。
(11)如果名词词组中心词是all、most、half、rest等词语，所指是复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式，反之用单数。
All of my students work hard. All of the oil _______gone.
(12)在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如：
Between the two windows __________an oil painting.(hang)
（2）由连接词连接的名词作主语。
①用and或both … and 连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式。但如果并列主语指的是同一个人，同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式，这时and后面的名词没有冠词。
Truth and honesty ________the best policy.
To love and to be loved _______the great happiness.
Going to bed early and getting up early _______a good habit.
A knife and fork_________ on the table.
②当主语后面跟有as well as、as much as、no less than、along with、with、like、rather than、together with、but、except、besides、including、in addition to等引导的词组时，采取“就远原则”。
③以or、either … or、neigher … nor、not only … but also等连接的词作主语时，采取“就近原则”。
（3）代词作主语。
①名词型物主代词连接的动词，既可以用单数，也可以用复数，这取决于它所代替的是单数还是复数。 Ours (Our Party) ________a great Party.
Your shoes ________ white, mine (= my shoes)_______ black.
②such、the same起指示代词作用时，应根据其所指的内容来决定单、复数。
Such ________our plan. Such _________ his last words.
③关系代词who、that、which等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。
④疑问词who、what、which作主语时，谓语动词可根据说话人所要表达的意思决定单、复数。 Who lives next door? It________Xiao Liu.
Who lives next door? It __________Wang and Li.
⑤不定代词any、either、neither、none、all、some、more等作主语时，要注意下列情况：
（A）单独作主语时，视其在文中的意义，动词可用单数或复数形式。Now all has been changed. All are present.
（B）其后接of时，若of的宾语为不可数名词，动词用单数形式；若of的宾语为复数名词或代词时，动词可以是单数，也可以是复数；在正式文体中，单数形式的动词更常用。
Do (es) any of you know about the accident? None of us has(have) seen the film.
（4）分数、量词作主语。
①“分数或百分数 + 名词”构成的短语以及由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, a heap of, heaps of, half of + 名词”构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词要与短语中of后面的名词的数保持一致，这是因为短语中后面的名词是中心词，而短语中前面的量词是修饰语。如：
Lots of damage_________caused by flood.
A number of students ________ gone to the countryside.
A large quantity of people _________needed here.
Quantities of food (nuts) ________ still on the table.
②a great deal of、a large amount of修饰不可数名词，其短语作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数；large amounts of修饰不可数名词，其短语作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数。
③表示数量的one and a half后，名词要用复数形式，但是其短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
One and a half apples________ left on the table.(be)
④half of、(a)part of修饰可数名词单数及不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数，修饰可数名词复数时，谓语动词用复数。
(5)名词化的形容词作主语。
如果主语由“the + 形容词（或分词）”结构担任时，谓语通常用复数。这类词有the rich、the poor、the brave、the injured、the living、the wounded等。如表抽象的也可以用单数，如the unknown、the beautiful等。
（6）从句作主语。
①由what引导的主语从句，谓语动词通常用单数，但所指的具体内容是复数意义时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。
What we need _________more money.
What we need__________ more people/teachers.
②在“one of + 复数名词 + who/that/which”引导的从句结构中，关系代词who/that/which的先行词是靠近它的复数名词而不是one，因此从句中的谓语动词也应该是复数形式。如one前有the only则用单数形式。
This________one of the most interesting stories that ______been told by my father.
She_________the only one of the girls who_________late for class today.
（7）不定式、名动词（短语）作主语用单数形式；There be句型中be的单复数取决于be后的第一个词的数。
There ______a book, two pens on the desk.
There ______two pens, a book on the desk.
二、精典名题导解
选择填空
1.-Each of the students, working hard at his or her lessons, _________to go to university.
-So do I .(上海 ) A.hope B.hopes C.hoping D.hoped
解析：答案为B。本题考查主谓一致中的意义一致原则，不定代词either、neither、each、one、the other、another以及所有的复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词应根据意义一致的原则采用单数形式，排除A。选项C是非谓语动词的一种，不能单独作谓语，亦应排除。根据答语中的时态又可排除选项D。
2.The number of people invited _________ fifty, but a number of them __________ absent for different reasons.（NMET ）
A.were; was B.was; was C.was; were D.were; were
解析：答案为C。本题考查the number of和a number of 的区别。“the number of + 复数名词/代词”结构中的中心词是number,“a number of + 复数名词/代词”结构中的中心词是of后的复数名词或代词，故谓语动词分别用单、复数。解题关键在于仔细区分哪个是真正的主语。
责任编辑：李芳芳
语法讲解教案宾语补足语人教版高三英语下册教学论文6
语法-----名词性从句
编号：081016 姓名：李欣
定义：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）。 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
1 引导名词性从句的连接词:
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：
连接连词：that, whether, if , as if ,because不充当从句的任何成分）
连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.
连接副词：when, where, how, why
2名词性从句分类：
A: 主语从句
连接连词：______,___________
连接代词：______, ____________, ______，___________, ______, _______,_______
连接副词：______, ____________, ______，___________.
That she was chosen made us very happy.
注意事项：
1）大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用 it充当形式主语。
It is not important who will go.
It is still unknown which team will win the match
2）That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末，例如：
It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.
It"s a pity that you should have to leave. 你非走不可真是件憾事。
用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：
a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句
It is necessary that… 有必要……
It is important that… 重要的是……
It is obvious that… 很明显……
b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句
It is believed that… 人们相信……
It is known to all that… 从所周知……
It has been decided that… 已决定……
c. It + be +名词+ that-从句
It is common knowledge that… ……是常识
It is a surprise that… 令人惊奇的是……
It is a fact that… 事实是……
d. It +不及物动词+ that-分句
It appears that…似乎……
It happens that…碰巧……
It occurred to me that… 我突然想起
注意:主语从句的主谓一致
When and where well go _______ decided. What we need ____ books/ __ water.
B: 宾语从句
连接连词：______, ____________, ___________,
连接代词：______, _____,_______, ______，______,________,.
连接副词：______, ____________, ______，___________,
John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.
I am glad that you are satisfied with your job
注意事项：
a. 时态与语序:
(T/F):1).Do you know where has he put the precious stone?
2).why did he do it wasn’t clear.
3).He told me that he had been born in 1956.
4).he said we’ll have a meeting this afternoon.
b. 形式宾语 it:
1).hate, like, appreciate depend on, see to, take
2).make, feel, consider, believe, think, find
c. if 与whether区别：
通常,引导主语从句,表语从句,同位语从句用whether不用if
1).It doesn’t matter she will come or not. 2).The problem is she will have enough time.
3)._____________ it is true remains a question.
4).She doubt ________ she will be successful .
5).The question ____________ it is right or wrong depends on situation.
6).We don’t know _____________ or not she was ready.
7).She hasn’t decided ____________ to go.
8).It all depends on _________ they will support us.
9).They are discussing _____ they will hold a party.
10).I don’t care ____you will come.
注意：动词suggest, advise, insist, prefer, request, require, demand, order, command,等词后的宾语从句中, 谓语动词要用虚拟语气, 其构成是“should+动词原形”，其中should可省略
1).It was suggested that more teachers should be sent there to help them.
2).Tom insisted that his leadership be recognized by all the boys.
C: 表语从句
连接连词：______, ____________, ______，___________,
连接代词：______, ______,______, ______，_____,______,
连接副词：______, ____________, ______，___________,
The fact is that he has not been seen recently.
注意: a. 由that引导，that不作成分，只起连接作用。
b、由whether引导表示不确定，由because引导表示原因。
The point is whether we should lend him the money. It is because I have ever heard of the story.
*** The reason why I was late was that I missed the train.
I was late. It/That/This was because I missed the train.
c. what, which, who, whom, whose等连接代词及when, where, how, why等连接副词既引导句子又充当一定的句子成分.
1).The problem is who we can get to replace her. 2).The question is how he did it.
3).That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.
d. as if常与look, seem, sound等连系动词连用.
She looks as if she would cry.
e.在一些表示“建议，劝说，命令”的名词后的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气,(should) +do。
My suggestion is that we （should）start early tomorrow.
D: 同位语从句
它一般跟在某些名词后 ，如: idea, news, word, hope, fact, promise, belief, doubt, fear, discovery, chance, possibility…
连接连词：______, ____________,
连接代词：______, ______,______, ______，_____,______,
连接副词：______, ____________, ______，___________,
We heard the news that our team had won the game.
The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.
注意:同位语从句一般用whether，that等词引导，常放在名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。换言之，同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系。
1).同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等, 关联词多用从属连词that.
Where did you get the idea that I could not come?
They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.
2).同位语从句意义完整, 应用_____;意义不完整需增加“是否”的含义,应用_________；需要增加“什么时候”、“什么地点”、“什么方式”等含义，应用______，________，______等词。
I have no idea __________ he’ll come or not.
The question _____ should do the work requires consideration.
3).表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词所跟的同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气（should+动词原形，should可省略）
This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible.
The general gave the order that the soldiers (should) cross the river at once.
4).同位语从句与定语从句的区别：
a. He has made a promise _____ he will come./… _____ he will stick to.
b. The suggestion _____ we should learn English well is very important for us.
The suggestion _____ Mr.Li gave us on how to Learn English is very important for us.
Practice:
一、判断下列各句哪句含有名词性从句，并指出是什么从句：
1. China is no longer what it used to be.
2. The truth that the earth turn around the sun is known to all.
3. It was snowing when he arrived at the station.
4. How he persuaded the manager to change the plan is interesting to us all.
5. The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.
6. The news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing.
7. That is where Lu Xun used to live.
8. He spoke as if he understood what he was talking about.
9. Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school?
10. I wonder why she refused my invitation.
二、用适当的连词填空：
1. I can’t decide ____________ dictionary I should buy.
2. That’s ____________ he refused my invitation.
3. I am very interested in ____________ he has improved his pronunciation in such a short time.
4. ____________ we need is more time.
5. The fact ____________ she had not said anything at the meeting surprised everybody.
6. ____________ and ____________ they will meet has not been decided yet.
7. Please tell me ____________ you are waiting for.
8. Is that ____________ you are looking for?
9. Would you please tell me ____________ the nearest post office is?
10. I don’t know ____________ he will agree to the plan or not.
参考答案:一、1、表语从句；2、同位语从句；3、不是；4、主语从句；5、同位语从句；6、不是；7、表语从句；8、宾语从句；9、不是；10、宾语从句
二、1. which; 2. why; 3. how; 4. What; 5. that; 6. when, where; 7. who(m); 8. what; 9. where; 10. whether
掌握较好的＞80% 题号: 分析
掌握一般的60%~80% 题号: 分析
掌握较差的 ＜60% 题号: 分析
难点教学建议
三. 指出下列句子中的名词性从句，并说出连词的句法功能：
1.Who will write the poem has not been decided yet.
2. Don’t ask about what the meeting is for
3. I heard it that he had gone abroad.
4. What surprised us is that he lost in the game.
5. Whatever he did is right
6. What he left us was a large sum of money.
7. They kept it quiet that he was dead.
8. Tell me why you don’t like school.
9. He had a feeling that she might not approve of the plan.
10. Whoever comes will be welcome.
11. He wasn’t sure whether he ought to laugh or cry.
12. The book is where you left it.
13. I took it for granted that you would stay with us.
14. We hope that you will enjoy your stay here.
15. When he will be back depends on the weather.
16. We are certain that this is true.
17. He accepted the fact that she would never come back.
18. Where we live doesn’t matter.
19. I have no doubt that you were telling the truth.
20. That is why he turned me down
21. I feel it a terrible thing that I have to get up so early.
22. The reason was that he didn’t work hard.
23. New York is no longer what it was ten years ago.
24. This is where you are wrong.
25. I hate it when people speak with their mouth full.
26. That’s what makes him an excellent conductor.
27. She came to the conclusion that she must act at once
28.I appreciated it very much that he had done me a favor.
29. Our success depends on / upon how well we can cooperate with one another
30. Nobody can explain the mystery why he suddenly disappeared.
四. 改错
1. It’s uncertain that the experiment is worth doing.
2. All what is hard is to do good all one"s life and never do anything bad.
3. What the boy didn"t take medicine made his mother angry.
4. You can"t imagine how excited were they when they received these nice Christmas presents.
5. That we"ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
6. What he really means is what he disagrees with us.
7. Whom is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.
8. When we"ll finish translating the book depend on the time.
9. Where will the house be built will be discussed at tomorrow"s meeting.
10. If you come or not is up to you.
11. That is what he likes the place so much.
12. That is that Lu Xun once lived.
13. We thought strange that Tom did not come yesterday.
14. The fact which she had not said anything surprised all of us.
15. Can you tell me who is that gentleman?
16. Who leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
17. The energy is that makes the cells able to do their work.
18. Jack was soon told why he did was not necessary.
19. Is this what we met each other two years ago?
20. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see who he is.
21. I don"t care whether she has no money. I care if she is honest or not.
22. The child is always lying, so none of us will believe no matter what he says.
23. See to that the children don"t catch cold.
24. He, that is playing an important part, which is well-known to us all.
25. The boy dived into the water and, after it seemed to be a long time, he came up again.
五. 根据汉语用英语完成句子
1. _______ _______ _______ _______ _______was true.
他偷了一部自行车是真的。
2. The important thing is _______ _______ _______ , but not_______ _______ _______.
重要的是你做什么，而不是说什么。
3. _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ has not been found.
他出生在何时何地还不知道。
4. The problem is _______ _______ ________ ________ to the little boy.
问题是他对那个小男孩做了些什么。
5. She insisted ________ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ the countryside.
她坚持不被派到农村去。
6. I don’t care about _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______.
我并不在意你是否有钱。
7. He has made _______ _______ _______ he will not give in.
他清楚地表明他不会屈服。
8. We don’t believe _______ _______ ______ _______ _______ ______.
我们相信他不会赢得这场比赛。
9. Nobody knows _______ _______ _______ _______.
没有人知道他来自哪里
10. I couldn’t understand _______ _______ _______ _______.
我不能理解为什么被拒绝了。
11. _______ _______ _______ _______ all the museums will be reopened soon.
据宣布所有的博物馆将在不久重新开放
12. He insisted that he _______ in good health and _______ _______ _______ to work there.
他坚持认为他身体健康，并且坚持要求被派到那儿去工作
13. _______ _______ _______ _______ ______ should turn off the lights.
无论谁最后离开房间都应该关灯。
14. It is known to us all _______ _______ _______ _______ _______, there is harm.
众所周知，哪儿有污染，哪儿就有伤害。
15. The problem is _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______.
问题在于这部电影是否值得一看。
Keys:
1． 指出下列句子中的名词性从句，并说出连词的句法功能：
1. Who will write the poem是主语从句， who 在从句中充当主语
2. what the meeting is for 是宾语从句， what 在从句中充当for的宾语
3. that he had gone abroad. 是宾语从句， that 不充当任何成分
4. What surprised us 是主语从句， what 在从句中充当主语
that he lost in the game. 是表语从句，that 不充当任何成分
5. Whatever he did是主语从句， whatever 在从句中充当宾语
6. What he left us是主语从句，what 在从句中充当宾语
7. that he was dead. 是宾语从句，that 不充当任何成分
8. why you don’t like school是宾语从句， why在从句中充当原因状语
9. that she might not approve of the plan. 是同位语从句，that 不充当任何成分
10. Whoever comes是主语从句， whoever 在从句中充当主语
11. whether he ought to laugh or cry. 是形容词sure 的宾语从句， whether不充当任何成分
12. where you left it. 是表语从句，where在从句中充当地点状语
13. that you would stay with us. 是宾语从句， that 不充当任何成分
14. that you will enjoy your stay here. 是宾语从句， that 不充当任何成分
15. When he will be back是主语从句，when在从句中充当时间状语
16. that this is true是形容词certain 的宾语从句， that不充当任何成分
17 that she would never come back. 是同位语从句，that 不充当任何成分
18. Where we live 是主语从句, where在从句中充当地点状语
19. that you were telling the truth是同位语从句，that 不充当任何成分
20. why he turned me down是表语从句，why在从句中充当原因状语
21. that I have to get up so early. 是宾语从句，that 不充当任何成分
22. that he didn’t work hard. 表语从句，that 不充当任何成分
23. what it was ten years ago. 表语从句，what 在从句中充当表语
24. where you are wrong. 是表语从句, where在从句中充当地点状语
25. when people speak with their mouth full. 是宾语从句，when在从句中充当时间状语
26. what makes him an excellent conductor. 是表语从句, what 在从句中充当主语
27. that she must act at once 是同位语从句，that 不充当任何成分
28. that he had done me a favor. 是宾语从句，that 不充当任何成分
29. how well we can cooperate with one another是宾语从句，how在从句中充当程度状语
30. why he suddenly disappeared是同位语从句，why在从句中充当原因状语
改错
1. that -- whether 2. All what-- all that
3. What--That 4. how excited they were
5. That -- Whether 6. what -- that
7. Whom -- Who 8. depends
9. will the house---the house will 10.If -- Whether
11. what -- why 12.that -- where
13. thought + it 14.which -- that
15. who that gentleman is 16.Who -- Whoever
17. that -- what 18.why后加 what
19. what -- where 20.who it is
21. whether -- that 22.no matter who -- whatever
23. see to + it that 24.that – who; which
25. it -- what
根据汉语用英语完成句子
1. That he stole a bike 2. what you do what you say
3. Where and when he was born 4. what he has done
5. that she not be sent to 6. whether you have money or not
7. it clear that 8. that he will win the game
9. where he is from 10. why I was refused
11. It is announced that 12. was…should be sent
13. Whoever leaves the room last 14.that where there is pollution
15. whether the film is worth seeing
掌握较好的＞80% 题号: 分析
掌握一般的60%~80% 题号: 分析
掌握较差的 ＜60% 题号: 分析
难点教学建议
六.
T/F practice
1. He will come back surprises all of us.
That he will come back surprises all of us.
2. That he really means is what he doesn’t agree with us.
What he really means is that he doesn’t agree with us.
3. The news which our team had won pleased everyone.
The news that our team had won pleased everyone.
4. The reason why he failed in the exam was because he was too careless.
The reason why he failed in the exam was that he was too careless.
5. It is unknown that where we will have the meeting.
It is unknown where we will have the meeting.
6. The problem is when will he come back.
The problem is when he will come back.
7. Could you tell me which was the way to the Science Museum?
Could you tell me which is the way to the Science Museum?
8. If he is an engineer is unknown.
Whether he is an engineer is unknown.
9. I have been worrying about if I have hurt her feelings.
I have been worrying about whether I have hurt her feelings.
10.What he needs are enough time and what I need is enough books.
What he needs is enough time and what I need are enough books.
11.No matter who comes to visit the exhibition is welcome.
Whoever comes to visit the exhibition is welcome.
12.I’ll make known to all that you were not honest.
I’ll make it known to all that you were not honest.
13.He is said that he has gone to America.
It is said that he has gone to America.
14.My suggestion is that we will learn more words by heart.
My suggestion is that we should learn more words by heart.
15.Why we decided to put off the meeting is because we had some difficulty in preparing it.
Why we decided to put off the meeting is that we had some difficulty in preparing it.
掌握较好的＞80% 题号: 分析
掌握一般的60%~80% 题号: 分析
掌握较差的 ＜60% 题号: 分析
难点教学建议
总结:名词性从句一向是NMET中的重要考点.通过对近几年高考试题的分析,我们可以看出NMET名词性从句考点主要有以下六个方面:
考点之一:考查名词性从句中that与what的区别
考例: _______ we can"t get seems better than _______ we have.
A. What; what B. What; that C. That; that D. That; what
考点之二:考查名词性从句中的it作形式主语或形式宾语
考例1: _______ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There B. This C. That D. It
考例2: I hate _______ when people talk with their mouths full.
A. it B. that C. this D. them
考点之三:考查名词性从句的语序
考例:The photographs will show you _______ .
A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like
C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like
考点之四:考查名词性从句中的whether, if以及that的区别
考例1: _______ we"ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where
考例2: What the doctors really doubt is_____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
A. when B. how C. whether D. why
考例3: It worried her a bit _______ her hair was turning gray.
A. while B. that C. if D. for
考点之五:考查名词性从句中的疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句及其与no matter+疑问词引导的从句的区别
考例 1:It is generally considered unwise to give a child _______ he or she wants.
A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever
考例2: Sarah hopes to become a friend of ______ shares her interests.
A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who
考点之六:考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题
考例:It is necessary that a college student ______ at least a foreign language.
A. masters B. should master C. mastered D. will master
名词性从句专项练习
单项选择:
1. The way he did it was different we were used to . ( 05 江西 )
A. in which B. in what C. from what D. from which
2. I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize ___ silly mistakes I had made. ( 05 湖南 )
A. what B. that C. how D. which
3. With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased _____ he was a man of action. ( 06 湖南 )
A. which B. that C. what D. whether
4. We haven"t settled the question of ______________ it is necessary for him to study abroad. （ 06江苏 ）
A. if B. where C. whether D. that
5. makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.（ 06辽宁 ）
A. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever
6. See the flags on top of the building? That was we did this morning. （ 06全国I ）
A. when B. which C. where D. what
7. Please remind me he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off. （ 06全国I ）
A. where B. when C. how D. what
8. --- What did your parents think about your decision?
--- They always let me do _______ I think I should. （ 06全国III ）
A. when B. that C. how D. what
9. Engines are to machines _________ hearts are to animals. （ 06山东 ）
A. as B. that C. what D. which
10. I just wonder __________ that makes him so excited. （ 06山东 ）
A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is
11. One advantage of playing the guitar is _________ it can give you a great deal of pleasure. （ 06上海 ）
A. how B. why C. that D. when
12. He spoke proudly of his part in the game, without mentioning ________ his teammates had done. （ 06上海 ）
A. what B. which C. why D. while
13. --- It’s thirty years since we last met.
--- But I still remember the story, believe it or not, __________ we got lost on a rainy
night. （ 06四川 ）
A. which B. that C. what D. when
14. There is much chance Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.
（ 06天津 ）
A. that B. which C. until D. if
15. Nobody believed his reason for being absent form the class he had to meet his uncle at the airport. （ 06重庆 ）
A. why B. that C. where D. because
16. These shoes look very good. I wonder __________. （ 06上海春季 ）
A. how much cost they are B. how much do they cost
C. how much they cost D. how much are they cost
17. Doris" success lies in the fact _________ she is co-operative and eager to learn from others. （ 06上海春季 ）
A. which B. that C. when D. why
18. --- Could you do me a favor?
--- It depends on it is.
A. which B. whichever C. what D. whatever
19. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _________ I thought was a dangerous speed.
A. as B. which C. what D. that
20.. Along with the letter was his promise _______ he would visit me this coming Christmas.
A. which B. that C. what D. whether
21. Choosing the right dictionary depends on ______ you want to use it for. （江苏）
A. what B. why C. how D. whether
22. parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children. （20陕西）
A. That B. Which C. What D. As
23．--------------worries me the way he keeps changing his mind. （年山东）
A．This B．That C．What D．It
64. The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make ________ it is . （2007年天津）A. what B. which C. how D. where
25. You can only be sure of __you have at present; you cannot be sure of something _____ you might get in the future. . （2007年安徽） A. that; what B. what; / C. which; that D. /; that
26.It is none of your business other people think about you. Believe yourself.
A. how B. what C. which D. when（2007年福建）
27 ____ matters most in learning English is enough practice. （2007年国2）
A. What B. Why C. Where D. Which
28. ______ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader. （2007年上海）
A. That B. What C. Whether D. Where
29. The traditional view is ______ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. （2007年上海）
A. when B. why C. whether D. that
30. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That’s ______ the best jobs are. （2007年浙江）
A. where B. what C. when D. why
31. Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got any idea_____ the party is to be held? (陕西卷)
A. what B. which C. that D. where
32. People in Chongqing are proud of _____they have achieved in the past ten years. （2008重庆）
A. that B. which C. what D. how
33. The last time we had great fun was _____ we were visiting the Water Park. （2008天津卷）
A. where B. how C. when D. why
34. ______was most important to her. she told me, was her family.（2008山东）
A. It B. This C. What D. As
35. When asked _____ they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved. (2008湖南卷)
A. what B. why C. whom D. which
36. The companies are working together to create______
they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century. （2008北京卷）
A. which B. that C. what D. who
37. The news _____ our athletes won another gold medal was reported In yesterday’s newspaper. (2008上海春招)
A. which B. whether C. what D. that
38. ______ we are sure about is the need to prevent children from being spoiled. (2008上海春招)
A. What B. Which C. Whether D. That
39. _____is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.（2008福建）
A. It B. What C. As D. Which
40. As his best friend, I can make accurate guesses about ____ he will do or think. (上海卷)
A. what B. which C. whom D. that
41. It has been proved _____ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life. (20上海卷)
A. if B. because C. when D. that
参考答案：1 ------ 5 CABCA 6 ------ 10 DBDCD 11 ----- 15 CABAB
16 ------ 20 CBCCB 21-------25 ACDAB 26 ----- 30 BABDA
31-------35 DCCCA 36 ----- 41 CDABAD
掌握较好的＞80% 题号: 分析
掌握一般的60%~80% 题号: 分析
掌握较差的 ＜60% 题号: 分析
难点教学建议
二、名词性从句典型错误
1. That she wants to know is which dress she should buy.
2. He will give up his job surprises all of us.
3. No matter who breaks the law will be punished.
4. If the meeting will be held in our school is not known yet.
5. That worried her a bit was that he couldn’t get in touch with her friend.
6. He is said he has gone to America.
7. She was praised for what had she done.
8. He wants to know I still study English.
9. The reason why I was late was because I missed the train.
10.I have no doubt if we shall be able to do something for you.
三、翻译下列句子，使用适当的名词性从句
1.我们还不能确定他是否能够成功.
2.真奇怪，他竟没有看出自己的缺点.
3.我们听到了我们队获胜这个好消息.
4.我对他告诉我的这个消息很感兴趣.
5.那就是你错的地方。
参考答案
改错：1. That-What 2. 加That 3.No matter who-whoever/Anyone who 4. If-Whether
5. That-What 6. He-It 7. had she-she had 8. know 后加whether/if 9. because-that
10. if-whether
翻译:
1. we are not sure whether/if he will succeed.
2. It is strange that he should have failed to see his own shortcoming.
3. We heard the news that our team had won.
4. I’m interested in the news that he told me.
5. That’s where you are wrong.
掌握较好的＞80% 题号: 分析
掌握一般的60%~80% 题号: 分析
掌握较差的 ＜60% 题号: 分析
难点教学建议
责任编辑：李芳芳
语法讲解教案宾语补足语人教版高三英语下册教学论文7
高三语法复习：
状语从句
1.时间状语从句。
引导时间状语从句的有：when, while, as, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as, no sooner…than…, hardly…when…等。
（1） When, while和 as
When既可引导一个持续动作，也可引导一个短暂动作，可用与主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。while引导的从句中谓语动词必须是能够延续的动词，强调主句和从句动作的同时发生，往往侧重动作的持续性和对比性。如：While I was sitting there, he told me an interesting story．as用于引导“在某行为的继续中发生某事”的“继续之行为”，所以多与过去进行时连用。并常用来表示两种发展变化中的情况。
When they came home, I was cooking dinner.
She watched TV while (she was) eating.
As I was walking down the street, an American asked me for directions to the nearest station.
As the day went on, the weather got worse.
(2) 时间状语从句还有几个特殊的引导词。
如：every time, each time, next time, the day, the year, the minute, the moment 和副词immediately, directly, instantly等.
a.Every time I saw him, I would like to listen to his songs.
b.I came to the house the moment he was about to leave.
c.I recognized her the minute I saw her.
d. He left Europe the year World War II broke out.
e. My sister came directly(=as soon as) she got my message.
f. The machine will start instantly you press the button.
(3) since 和 before 的用法异同。
It is/ has been + some time+ since+ sb did sth.
It was / is / will be + some time+ before sb did/ do sth
It is just a week since we arrived here.
It’s a long time since I met you last.
How long is it since you were in Ningbo ?
It was years before I came back from abroad. It will be five years before we meet again.
It wasn’t long before he came back..
since 其后的动词不同,起算的时间也不同.
since + 瞬间动词过去式 (从该动作发生时算起)
since + 持续性动词的过去式 ( 从该动作结束时算起)
He worked very hard since he entered the factory.
We haven’t seen each other since I worked in the factory.
(从我不在厂工作以来……)
She has never been to visit me since I was ill. (病愈以来)
(4)till& until意义相同，多数情况下可换用，但用以强调，句首多用until；在强调结构或与not连用时多用until。例如：Nothing can be done till/ until the boss returns.
I waited for him until he came back.
He didn’t go to bed until he had finished the work.
Until we know the facts, we can’t do anything about it.
(5) no sooner…than, hardly…when和scarcely… before相当于as soon as之意, 其引导的从句中谓语动词要用 had done。当 hardly, scarcely和 no sooner置于句首时,语气较强, 主句的谓语要部分倒装. 例如:
We had hardly begun when we were told to stop.
Hardly had we begun when we were told to stop.
The spy had no sooner returned home than he was told to go to another country.
No sooner had the spy returned home than he was told to go to another country.
2. 地点状语从句由where或 wherever引导，在主句前，后均可．
where 表特指，wherever表泛指
I found the books where I left them.
Make a mark where you have any questions.
Wherever he happens to be, John can make himself at home.
(1) 地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。如：
Where there’s a will, there’s a way.
Wherever there’s plenty of sun and rain, the fields are green.
(2) where引导的状语从句和定语从句的区别。Where引导地点状语从句直接修饰动词,而在定语从句中 where作为关系副词要跟在表示地点的先行词后面。 如：
Go back where you came from
Go back to the village where you came from.
Bamboo grows best where it’s wet and rainy.
Bamboo grows best in places where it’s wet and rainy.
3. 原因状语从句because, since, as, for,
because表直接的原因,语气最强.
since “既然”:一般放在句首,表已知的原因,全句重在交代结果,语气比because弱.
as 放在句首或句末,说明因果关系,语气较弱,重点在主句,译作“由于”for表间接原因，用来补述内容．放在主句后.语气最弱.
Since (As) it was raining, you ‘d better take a taxi.
Because he is ill, he is absent today.
He must be ill, for he is absent today.
As he is from the south, he is unaccustomed to the dry weather in Beijing.
在强调句型中,引导从句只能用because, 不能用 since或as.
It was because he was ill that he didn’t go with us.
4. 条件状语从句
引导词: if, unless, so/ as long as用一般现在时表示一般将来时
In case anything important happens, please call me up.
I’ll lend it to you as long as you handle it with care.
if only(要是…就好了; 但愿) 常表示愿望或一未实现的条件,尤用于感叹句.
If only he arrives in time!
If only I had met him earlier!
If only it would stop raining!
on condition(that)=provided (that) =providing (that) ( 假若; 倘使)
supposing (that) =if
You can go swimming on condition that you don’t go too far from the river bank.
I’ll go providing my wages are paid.
Supposing it rains tomorrow, what shall we do?
*在条件状语从句中,如果条件状语从句的主语同主句主语一致或是无人称代词, 从句的谓语动词或助动词 be, 可将从句的主语和动词 be一起省略.
If (it is) necessary, I’ll go with him.
If (it is) important, I’ll write this article.
目的和结果状语从句
目的:so that… in order that… ( 情态动词)
结果: so that, so/ such… thatHe studied even harder so that he might catch up with the top students in a possible short period.
He studied even harder so that he caught up with the other students.
He made a wrong decision, so that half of his lifetime was wasted.There are so many people in the room that we could’t get in.
方式状语从句
方式状语从句放在主句之后，用as, just as, as if, as though 等引导。
注意:
1) as 表行为方式
2) as if 引导的从句表示与事实相反或不可能实现时,从句用虚拟语气。
比较状语从句
引导词: than, as… as,
the more… the more…He didn’t do as much as he had
promised.
Now we can produce much more
steel than Japan.
The higher you stand, The farther you will see.
注意被比较的内容应一致
The weather here is hotter than that( = the weather) in your hometown.The girls in your class are more active than those in our class.
责任编辑：李芳芳
语法讲解教案宾语补足语人教版高三英语下册教学论文8
语法讲解教案 宾语补足语
江苏省黄桥中学高一英语备课组
1. Firs let’s translate some phrases:
1)推选他做班长(队长,***,总统,国王)make(elect ,choose )him monitor(captain,chairman, president, King)
2）把每天锻炼作为一个规定 make it a rule to exercise every day
3）称这个地方为金三角call the place the GoldenTriangle
4）称它为古英语/不明飞行物call it Old English/ a UFO
5）觉得做某事是快乐的事feel / find / think it a pleasure/ fun to do sth
6）认为帮助别人是我的职责think it my duty to help others
7）认为撒谎是一种耻辱think it a shame to tell lies
8）把门漆成更鲜艳的颜色paint the door a brighter color
Summary: 名词作宾语补足语， 即： 主+谓+宾+宾补（名词），宾语和宾语补足语之间有一种逻辑上的主系表结构关系。能接这种宾语补足语的动词常见的有：
call / name / consider / believe / think / find / feel / imagine/ elect / make / choose etc.
Attention:
1) 当名词表示某人的职务、头衔时，作宾语补足语的名词前面通常不用冠词，如：
appoint him minister to a foreign country
2) 作宾语补足语的名词通常与宾语在数上保持一致。如：
make Joe his assistant / make Joe and Sue his assistants
3) 可用it作形式宾语
find / feel / think it +n find it my duty / fun / a pleasure to do sth.
2. Second , introduce other patterns.
S+ V+ O+ Object complement.(adj/ adv.)，其中的形容词可分为两类。一类形容词表示宾语所处的状态，如find sb open/ find sth rough; 还有一类形容词表示宾语的特征或心理状态，如：find sb disappointing, find sb interested in sth, find sb deeply moved
1） 证明他是错的 prove him (to be ) wrong 使我们保持暖和 keep us warm
2） 把衣服弄脏 get the clothes dirty 让门开着 keep / leave the door open
3） 认为最好你和我们在一起think it best for you to stay with us
4） 使某人不安 make sb uneasy 发现盒子是空的find the box empty
5） 觉得有必要说出真相feel / find it necessary to tell the truth
6） 使人发疯 drive sb mad/ crazy 祝愿人人无灾无难wish nobody ill
7） 发现她不在家find her out / not in 把某人留下leave sb behind
8） 发现新工作乏味find the new job boring 觉得这本书值得一读think the book worth reading
9） 把门漆成黄色paint the door yellow 发现他是一个令人失望的人find him disappointing
10） 觉得他对我的工作满意find him pleased with my work
Attention :
1).常接形容词作宾语补足语的动词有：
find/ feel / think / make / get / keep / consider / drive / prove / wish / paint etc.
有时副词也可作宾语补足语。如：
find him away from home / find him out / find him in / find him abroad
2).可用it 形式宾语
feel it necessary to make everything clear
3.非谓语动词作宾补 S + V + O + Object complement ( to do / doing / done )
A.不定式作宾补
常接带to 的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：
ask/ advise / allow / permit/ forbid/ force / expect / want / wish / cause / warn / tell / order / would like / remind /like sb (not )to do
1) 请他们来帮你ask them to help you 想要我早点儿到want me to come early
2) 盼望我们赢 expect us to win 吩咐仆人们打开窗子order his servants to open the windows
3) 喜欢他的太太穿着漂亮like his wife to dress well 告诉他不要迟到tell him not to come late
注意不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，常见的动词有：
hear/ listen to / let / make / have / see / notice / watch / look at / catch sight of / observe ect.
让他写文章 have him write the article 注意到他进来并上了楼梯notice him come in and go upstairs
听见他播放CD hear him put on his CD 觉得房子晃动过 feel the house shake
Attention :
1) 动词原形作宾补，改为被动时，要加to，let 和have不用被动。be made to do / be listened to to do
2）注意一些固定句式中的不定式作主语补足语的时态形式。
He is said to study abroad soon.
He is said to have studied abroad, but I can’t remember which country he studied in .
He is said to be studying abroad, but I don’t know which country he is studying in .
Charles Babbage is generally considered ______ the first computer .
A .to have invented B .inventing C .to invent D .having invented
B．现在分词作宾补（强调动作正在进行或现在的状态）
1）看见飞船在窗外飞 see a spaceship flying out of the window
2）让我等了很久keep me waiting for long 3）发现他在桌旁工作find him working at the desk
4）闻到某物烧焦了smell sth burning 5）留下我在外面等着leave me waiting outside
6）看见银行在被抢see a bank being robbed
7. 看见雨披挂在门后面see the raincoat hanging behind the door
Summary :
1) 这类动词常见的有：keep / find / leave / hear / see / smell / watch / get / send etc.
2) 有些感官动词(see, hear, feel , watch )用动原作宾补表动作的全过程，用现分表示动作正在进行。
注意：有些动词的宾补形式不同，意义不同。如：
get sb to do sth. 让某人去做 get sb laughing/ talking / get the clock going 让某人------起来
(sb)send sb to do sth 派某人去做 (sth ) send sb doing 使某人------
The question sent me thinking deeply. The telephone sent him hurrying home.
C.过去分词作宾补
过去分词作宾补表示宾语与宾语补足语之间存在着被动关系，能接过去分词作宾补的动词常见的有：get/ have / make / hear / see / watch / notice etc.其中感官动词表示宾语被动接受某动作，如：get her three sons killed ,notice him knocked down by a car---而使役动词表示使或让某人做某事。如：get the car repaired / have the luggage weighed ---.注意不及物动词的过去分词作宾补时，只表示动作已完成，不表示被动的意思。如：She found her wallet gone.
1.) He saw many trees cut (cut )down . They got their village surrounded (surround)with trees.
2.) He left the door unlocked (unlock)when he was away.
3.) They foreigner had to make himself understood (understand) by gestures.
4.) He often kept the door closed (close) when she left the room.
5.) Nobody noticed her wallet cut (cut) open. Don’t let the source of water polluted (polluted).
6.) Just now they saw the old houses pulled (pull) down.
1. 请人理发have one’s hair cut 2. 听人说意大利语 hear Italian spoken
3. 让眼睛闭着keep one’s eyes shut 4. 留下作品未完成 leave one’s works unfinished
5. 让我们得到水的供应 keep us supplied with water 6. 看到计划被执行see the plan carried out
7. 发现他坐在后面/ 他失踪了find him seated at the back / find him lost / missing
8. 使自己被明白 make oneself understood 让这个案件得到调查have the case looked into
9. 尽快把信寄出去have the letter posted as soon as possible
4.介词作宾补，如：
find sb in the hospital/ put one’s books in good order
find the trees in place / place her in a difficult situation / allow her into the room
bring sth under control
5.有时as引导的短语也作宾补
regard him as our best friend / recognize him as the best leader
6.注意介词with 的复合结构（即介词with+宾语+宾语补足语）
with the boy leading the way / with the water covering the surface of the earth
with the surface covered with water / with his son disappointing
with everything he needed bought / with two exams to worry about
with many problems to settle / with time going by
with the production up by 10%
1. The salesman scolded the girl caught ___________(steal) and let her off.
A .to have stolen B .to be stealing C .to steal D .stealing
2. Mrs Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _______ went wrong again.
A .it B .it repaired C .repaired D .to be repaired
3.The chairman thought _____ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.
A .that B .it C .this D .him
4.With more forests _____________, huge quantities of good soil are being washed away.
A .is being destroyed B .is destroying C .are being destroyed D .being destroyed
5.You should understand the traffic by now. I have had it _______________ often enough.
A .explaining B .to explain C .explain D .explained
6.The flu is believed__________ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. A .causing B .being caused C .to be caused D .be have caused
7.The students expected ______ to be more reviewing classes before the final exams.
A .there B .it C .that D .one
8. When he returned years later, he found his hometown _____________completely.
A .to change B .change C .changing D .change
9.Peter wanted his TV ____ , but his wife would rather have it ____________.
A .fixed, thrown B .to be fixed, be thrown C .fixed, throwing D .fixing, throwing
10.With ______leaves ______ in the earth every year, the soil becomes richer and richer.
A .falling, burying B .fallen, buried C .fallen, burying D falling, buried
责任编辑：李芳芳
语法讲解教案宾语补足语人教版高三英语下册教学论文9
语法复习：句子成分+常用句式
一、句子成分
句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
练习一
1、用符号划出下列短文各句中的句子成分：
I hope you are very well. I"m fine, but tired. Right now it is the summer vacation and I"m helping my Dad on the farm. August is the hottest month here. It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark. Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors. We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat. We have a lot of machines on the farm. Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him. But he employs more men for the harvest. My brother takes care of the vegetable garden. It doesn"t often rain in the summer here. As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden. Every evening we pump water from a well. It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden.
2、给下列文字加上标点符号。
During a bullfight a drunk suddenly wandered into the middle of the ring the crowd began to shout but the drunk didn"t realized the danger the bull was busy with the matador (斗牛士) at the time but it suddenly caught sight of the drunk who was wearing a red cap the bull forgot all about the matador and rushed to the drunk the crowd suddenly grew quiet the drunk however seemed quite sure of himself when the bull got close him he stepped aside to let it pass the crowd burst into cheers and the drunk bowed by this time however three men had come into the ring and they quickly dragged the drunk outside even the bull seemed to fell sorry for him for it looked on sympathetically(同情地) until the drunk was out of the way before once more drew its attention to the matador.
The answer: During a bullfight, a drunk suddenly wandered into the middle of the ring. The crowd began to shout, but the drunk didn"t realize the danger. The bull was busy with the matador (斗牛士) at the time, but it suddenly caught sight of the drunk who was wearing a red cap. The bull forgot all about the matador and rushed to the drunk. The crowd suddenly grew quiet. The drunk, however, seemed quite sure of himself. When the bull got close him he stepped aside to let it pass. The crowd burst into cheers and the drunk bowed. By this time, however, three men had come into the ring and they quickly dragged the drunk outside. even the bull seemed to fell sorry for him, for it looked on sympathetically(同情地) until the drunk was out of the way before once more drew its attention to the matador.
二、常用句式
按句子的用途可分四种：
1） 陈述句（肯定、否定）
否定句型
一般否定句：（改为否定句）
He dares to tell the truth. He doesn’t dare to tell the truth.
He used to live in a quiet village. He used not to live in a quiet village.(He didn’t use to)
He has two brothers. He doesn’t have two brothers./He has not two brothers.
He has two pieces of bread for breakfast. He doesn’t have two pieces of bread for breakfast.
He has to copy other’s idea. He doesn’t have to copy others’ idea.
半否定句
We hardly/seldom/scarcely/barely hear such fine singing.
I know little Spanish. I saw few people.
特指否定
I don’t think/believe/guess/suppose/imagine you are right.
部分否定
All the answers are not right
All is not gold that glitters
I don"t know all of them.
I can"t see everybody/everything.
Both of them are not right.
2) 疑问句型
反意疑问句及回答
He is a teacher, isn"t he? Yes, he is. No, he isn’t
It isn’t that cheap, is it? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t
You must have told lies yesterday at the court, didn’t you?
否定疑问句及回答
Haven’t the police found the murderer? Yes, they have. No, they haven’t
3).祈使句：
祈使句的反意疑问句及回答Be careful, boys; Don’t talk in class; You, clean the kitchen today. Will you?
4）感叹句：
The moon is shining brightly.（改为感叹句）How brightly the moon is shining!
按句子的结构可分三种
（一） 简单句
I、 主语+谓语：
It is raining now.
We"ve worked for 5 hours.
The meeting lasted half an hour.
Time flies.
这类句子的谓语动词都是不及物动词，都不带宾语，但可以带状语，常见的不及物动词有： act, come, go, work, last, fall, cry, disappear, appear, smile, rise, ring，live, look, listen, laugh, hurry, talk, sleep, retire, graduate, die, care, agree, ,jump, fail, wait, succeed, stay, sit, lie, shine, happen, take place, rain, snow, ect.
1. 让我们立即行动起来. (act)
Let’s act at once/ immediately
2. 乌云低沉沉的,天下着大雪.(hang,)
Dark clouds hung overhead, and a heavy snow fell/ it snows heavily.
3. 恰好他身边有钱. (happen)
He happened to have some money with him.
4. 慢慢地她脸上露出了一丝笑容. (appear)
Gradually a smile appeared on her face.
5. 背起书包我急忙赶到学校. (hurry)
I hurried to the school with my schoolbag.
6. 他满面笑容. (smile)
He is smiling all over his face. OR: He wears a smile on his face.
7. 我英文学得不错. (do)
I did well in English.
II.主语+系动词+表语：
常见的系动词有： be, look, feel, prove, sound, taste, smell, seems, appear, stay, keep, go, come, get, turn, become, remain等。
1. 从自行车上掉下来, 他受了伤. (get)
He fell of his bike and got hurt.
2. 他提的意见证明是正确的. (prove)
His advice proved (to be) right.
3. 商店开到八点. (stay)
The shop stays open till 8 o’clock.
4. 机器出了毛病. (go)
The machine went wrong.
5. 这些努力似乎全都白费了. (seem)
All these efforts seem in vain
6. 这话听起来有道理. (sound)
These words sound reasonable.
7. 房里一会儿就挤满了人. (become)
The room soon became crowded.
III、主语+谓语+宾语： 可分为以下几种情况：
⑴ 主语+谓语+宾语
⑵ 主语+谓语+宾语(人+物)
间接宾语前需要加to 的常用动词有：allow, bring, deny, do(带来）， give, grant, hand, leave, lend, offer, owe, pass, pay, permit, promise, read, refuse, render, restore, sell, send, show, teach, tell wish, write等。
间接宾语前需要加for 的常用动词有：bring, buy, cash, choose, fetch, get, leave, make, order, paint, play(演奏)，save, sing, spare等。
⑶ 主语+谓语+宾语+宾补
1. 祝一路平安.
Wish you a pleasant journey.
2. 你让我等了三个钟头。
You keep me waiting for three hours.
3. 他捡起了香蕉皮扔到了垃圾箱里。
He picked up the banana peel and threw it in the dustbin.
4. 给我几分钟考虑一下。
Give me a few minutes to think.
5. 我去开门。
I’ll go and answer the door.
IV. “There be” 的句型（即 there be +主语+地点/时间状语），其中be 动词可以有各种时态变化，可替代的词有：used to be, seems to be, happen to be, live, stand, lie, sit, come, seem, exist.
There is going to be a meeting tomorrow.
There lived an old man at the foot of the mountain.
There came a shout for “help”.
There must have been a village here.
1. 最近几年,这个村庄发生了巨大的变化. (be)
Recently there have been great changes in this village.
2. 恰好河上有座桥. (happen)
There happens to be a bridge over the river.
3. 过去这条河上有座桥. (used to)
There used to be a river over the river.
4. 他的回答应该没有什么可怀疑的。（should）
There should be nothing doubtful.
5．山顶上有一个塔. (stand)
There stands a tower on top of the hill.
6．十字路口处站着一个警察. (stand)
There stands a policeman at the crossing.
（二） 并列句
1、 表示连接两个同等概念，常用and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…, then等连接。
2、 表示选择，常用的连词有or, either…or…, otherwise等。
3、 表示转折，常用的连词有but, still, however, yet, while, when等。
4、 表示因果关系，常用的连词有so, for, therefore等。
（三） 复合句
综合填空：
1. Give me one more minute ____ I’ll be able to finish it.
A. and B. or C. if D. so
2. It’s the third time that John has been late, ____?
A. hasn’t he B. isn’t he C. isn’t it D. hasn’t it
3. ____ joyful he was to meet his brother again!
A. How B. What C. What a D. What an
4. Let us pass, ____?
A. shan’t we B. shall we C. won’t we D. will you
5. I suppose he’s serious, ____ ?
A. do I B. don’t I C. is he D. isn’t he
6. You had better not smoke here, ____?
A. will you B. had you C. shall you D. have you
7. Train as hard as you can ____ you’ll win the swimming competition.
A. then B. but C. and D. or
8. I’m sorry to have to say this, ____ you forgot to turn off the lights when you left the room last night.
A. and B. but C. so D. because
9. John has not yet passed the driving test, and ____.
A. Henry hasn’t too B. Henry also has not either C. neither Henry has D. neither has Henry
10. There are many sports lovers in his office. Some love climbing, ____ others enjoy swimming.
A. or B. for C. while D. so
11. ---- Do you feel like going out ____ would you rather have dinner at home?
---- I’d like to go out. A. or B. and C. but D. so
12. ---- “____ is the temperature today?” ----“It’s 38 degrees.”
A. Which B. How C. How hot D. How high
13. ---- Your uncle isn’t an engineer, is he? ---- ____.
A. Yes, he isn’t B. No, he isn’t C. No, he is D. He is
14. ____ friendly ____ to everyone!
A. How, is she B. What, is she C. How, she is D. What, she is
15. Mary went to bed early, ____ she felt very tired.
A. or B. so C. for D. yet
16. Mother ____ a dress when she cut her finger.
A. was making B. makes C. is making D. made
17. He lay in bed ____ read something borrowed from library.
A. but B. and C. or D. yet
18. ---- I’d really like some lunch but I have so much work to do.
---- ____ what you want and I can get it for you.
A. Tell me B. If you would say to me C. You will tell me D. If you tell me
19. As he is strong, ____ can lift one hundred pounds.
A. yet he B. but he C. and D. he
20. ---- I thought you had an umbrella. ---- I had, ____ I’ve lost it.
A. since B. but C. because D. so
21. ____ down the radio ---- the baby’s asleep in the next room.
A. Turning B. To turn C. Turned D. Turn
22. ---- I don’t like chicken ____ fish. ---- I don’t like chicken ____ I like fish very much.
A. and, and B. and, but C. or, and D. or, but
23. ---- Would you like to come to dinner tonight? ---- I’d like to, ____ I’m too busy.
A. and B. so C. as D. but
24. Would you like a cup of coffee ____ shall we get down to business right away?
A. and B. then C. or D. otherwise
25. She set out soon after dark ____ home an hour later.
A. arriving B. to arrive C. having arrived D. and arrived
26. “Can’t you read?” Mary said ____ to the notice.
A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointed
27. She thought I was talking about her daughter, ____, in fact, I was talking about my daughter.
A. whom B. where C. which D. while
28. ____ it with me and I’ll see what I can do.
A. When left B. Leaving C. If you leave D. Leave
29. ---- Alice, you feed the bird today, ____? ---- But I fed it yesterday.
A. do you B. will you C. didn’t you D. don’t you
30. ____ him and then try to copy what he does.
A. Mind B. Glance at C. Stare at D. Watch
31. Excuse me for breaking in,_____ I have some good news for you.
A. so B. and C. but D. yet
32. The Parkers bought a new house but ______ will need a lot of work before they can move in.
A. they B. it C. one D. which
33. You had one of your teeth pulled out yesterday, _______?
A. had you B. hadn"t you C. did you D. didn"t you
34. ______ some of this juice--perhaps you"ll like it.
A. Trying B. Try C. To try D. Have tried
35. One more week, _________ we will accomplish the task.
A. or B. so that C. and D. if
36. There is no light in the dormitory. They must have gone to the lecture, _____?
A. didn"t they B. don"t they C. mustn"t they D. haven"t they
37. Be sure to write to us,______?
A. will you B. aren"t you C. can you D. mustn"t you
38. ______from Beijing to London!
A. How long way it is B. What a long way is it
C. How long way is it D. What a long way it is
39. Don’t smoke in the meeting-room, ________?
A. do you B. will you C. can you D. could you
40. Bill’s aim is to inform the viewers that cigarette advertising TV is illegal, ______?
A. isn’t it B. is it C. isn’t he D. is he
41. There are eight tips in Dr Roger’s lecture on sleep, and one of them is: ______ to bed early unless you think it is necessary.
A. doesn’t go B. not to go C. not going D. don’t go
42. ________ straight on and you’ll see a church. You won’t miss it.
A. Go B. Going C. If you go D. When going
1~5 ACADD 6~10 BCBDC 11~15 ADBCC 16~20 ABADB 21~25 DDDCD 26~30 ADDBD
31-35 CBDBC 36-40 D ADBA 41-42DA
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语法讲解教案宾语补足语人教版高三英语下册教学论文(合集九篇)
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